Isooctane, also known as 2,2,4-trimethylpentane, is a clear, colorless liquid hydrocarbon. It is one of the main components of gasoline and is commonly used as a reference fuel for octane rating in gasoline engines. Isooctane is produced through the isomerization of octane-rich hydrocarbon streams obtained from petroleum refining. It is valued for its high octane rating and ability to reduce engine knock or detonation in gasoline-powered engines. Isooctane is used extensively in the automotive industry for the development and testing of gasoline blends to optimize engine performance and fuel efficiency. Additionally, it finds application as a solvent in laboratory settings and as a calibration standard in analytical chemistry.
Isooctane is considered non-toxic and non-carcinogenic, making it safe for handling under normal conditions. However, proper safety precautions should be observed to prevent the risk of fire and inhalation of vapors